The nonradiative changeover charges Keep to the formula WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), wherever p is the amount of phonons matching the Strength gap. The nonradiative changeover fees of Er3+ show temperature dependence in step with the multiphonon leisure theory. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative leisure charges is https://hilaryn257yck7.mappywiki.com/user